It's 25 years since "Black January," when Soviet troops killed more than 200 people in Azerbaijan, in a bloody but doomed attempt to save the Soviet Union. Thousands of people were arrested and local TV transmitters were blown up. But the crackdown only strengthened the local independence movement, and the following year Azerbaijan became a sovereign state.
Azerbaijan's 'Black January'
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The Azerbaijani capital, Baku, was defenseless as Soviet forces advanced from all sides, on January 20, 1990.
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The agony of loss. More than 200 people were killed, and 700 injured, as Soviet troops fired into crowds without warning.
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Soviet troops face protestors in the streets of Baku, January 22, 1990.
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The same day, funerals for the victims were held.